Reflux is a condition in which stomach acid rises into the oesophagus, causing burning behind the breastbone and a sour taste in the mouth. It is very common and can be controlled in most cases.
Symptoms
- Burning in the chest or upper abdomen, especially after eating or when lying down.
- Sour fluid or food coming back up into the mouth.
- In some patients, a chronic cough, a hoarse voice or a feeling of a lump in the throat.
When is a gastroscopy needed?
Not everyone with heartburn needs an endoscopy. It is advised when there are warning signs, such as difficulty or pain with swallowing, unexplained weight loss, repeated vomiting, bleeding or anaemia, no response to treatment, or symptoms lasting many years.
Complications
Long-standing untreated reflux can lead to inflammation or narrowing of the oesophagus and, in some cases, to Barrett's oesophagus, a change in the lining of the oesophagus that needs follow-up with endoscopy and biopsies.
Treatment
- Lifestyle: smaller meals, no eating for two to three hours before bed, raising the head of the bed, losing weight if you are overweight, and avoiding your own triggers.
- Acid-lowering medicines according to the case, for a period your doctor decides.
- In selected cases, further options after careful assessment.
Do not keep taking acid medicines for months without review: finding the cause is the foundation of treatment.
The information on this website is for health education and does not replace a medical examination or direct consultation.
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